What type of heat transfer occurs when heat moves through a fluid or gas?

The correct response involves understanding the process of heat transfer. Convection specifically refers to the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (which can include liquids and gases). In this process, warmer areas of a fluid rise while cooler areas sink, creating a circulation pattern that distributes heat. This is commonly observed when heating air in a room or boiling water, where heated water at the bottom rises and cooler water descends to take its place.

Conduction, on the other hand, is the process of heat transfer through direct contact between materials, without movement of the material itself. Radiation involves the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium, allowing it to occur in a vacuum. The option stating "Conduction and convection" includes conduction, which is not a fluid or gas movement process. Therefore, the focus on convection is what correctly identifies the type of heat transfer associated with fluids and gases.